Associate Safety Professional Practice Exam

What condition results from over-exposure to solvents?

1. Hypoxia

2. Fatigue

3. Narcosis

4. Desensitization

The correct answer is: Narcosis

Over-exposure to solvents can lead to narcosis, which is a state of unconsciousness or stupor caused by the influence of toxic substances. Solvents, particularly those that are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can depress the central nervous system (CNS). When individuals are exposed to high concentrations of these solvents, they may experience symptoms associated with narcosis, such as dizziness, confusion, and decreased mental clarity. This occurs because many organic solvents, such as benzene and toluene, can dissolve lipids in cell membranes and alter neurotransmitter function in the brain, leading to a sedative effect similar to that of alcohol. The onset of narcosis varies depending on the type and concentration of the solvent, as well as the duration of exposure. In occupational settings, this can pose serious risks, including impaired judgment and coordination, which can lead to accidents and injuries. Other options may involve effects related to solvents, such as fatigue or desensitization to the sensation of their effects, but they do not specifically describe the direct CNS depressant state induced by solvent over-exposure the way narcosis does.