What is a defining characteristic of system safety?

A defining characteristic of system safety is its proactive approach to preventing mishaps. This means that the focus is on designing systems and processes in such a way that potential hazards are identified and mitigated before they can lead to incidents. This involves a thorough analysis of systems, processes, and human interactions at all stages—from design through operation—allowing for the anticipation of possible failures and the establishment of controls to prevent them.

In contrast to the options that suggest reactive approaches or limitations following risk assessments, the essence of system safety lies in its preventive mindset. Proactive design incorporates methodologies such as hazard analysis and risk management throughout the lifecycle of a system to ensure safety is integrated into the core framework, rather than being an afterthought that addresses issues only after incidents occur. This approach helps create a safety culture that emphasizes continuous improvement and awareness, ultimately aiming to reduce accidents and improve overall safety performance.