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What is one major factor contributing to the buildup of static charges?

  1. Humidity

  2. Dry air

  3. High temperatures

  4. Magnetic fields

The correct answer is: Dry air

The buildup of static charges is primarily influenced by the presence of dry air. When humidity levels are low, the air lacks the moisture needed to facilitate the dissipation of static electricity. This dry environment allows for the accumulation of electric charges on the surface of materials, as there is insufficient moisture to carry away or neutralize these charges. In contrast, higher humidity levels contribute to the presence of water molecules in the air, which can effectively dissipate static charges. This is why you often notice that static electricity is more of an issue during the winter months when the air is drier. Other factors like high temperatures and magnetic fields may influence certain electrical properties and behaviors but do not play a significant role in the generation or accumulation of static charges compared to humidity levels.