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What type of sprinkler system is used to prevent serious water damage in sensitive environments?

  1. Wet pipe system

  2. Dry pipe system

  3. Deluge system

  4. Preaction system

The correct answer is: Preaction system

The preaction system is specifically designed to minimize water damage in sensitive environments such as data centers, museums, and libraries. This system operates by combining elements of both wet and dry pipe systems. In a preaction system, the pipes are typically filled with air instead of water. Water is only released into the pipes once a detected fire event triggers the system. This dual-action feature provides an additional layer of protection, as it requires both a smoke or heat detection event and the activation of the sprinkler heads to release water. Therefore, if an accidental activation occurs or there is no actual fire threat, the risk of water damage is substantially reduced. Additionally, this system can help safeguard sensitive materials by ensuring that water is only applied where and when it is absolutely necessary.